感染和未感染人类免疫缺陷病毒的退伍军人的戒烟意图和戒烟尝试
2016/08/22
摘要
背景：随着抗逆转录病毒疗法能使人类免疫缺陷病毒（艾滋病）感染者的生命延长，戒烟现在是重中之重。然而，对吸烟的艾滋病毒感染者的研究还没有与未感染的对照组进行对比。在这项研究中，研究人员确定了HIV感染和未感染的吸烟退伍军人考虑戒烟和事先作出戒烟尝试的相关因素。
方法：2005和2007年之间，1027名感染和794名未感染艾滋病毒的吸烟者被纳入退伍军人老龄化队列研究（VACS）。对艾滋病病毒感染状况进行分层，使用逻辑回归计算调整后的比值比（AORs），来确定与考虑戒烟和事先作出戒烟尝试相关的因素。
结果：大多数参与者（66%的艾滋病毒感染者和68%的未感染者；P =.46）在考虑戒烟，而这两个组56%的参与者（P =.99）试图在过去一年中戒烟。在分层多变量分析中，最近诊断有肺疾病的HIV感染吸烟者更可能产生戒烟尝试（AOR = 4.93，95%可信区间[CI] = 1.41-17.17）。不健康饮酒者，无论是否感染HIV病毒，戒烟意图更小（AOR=0.66，95% CI=0.49-0.90和0.71，95%CI=0.50-1.00）。具有不良饮酒习惯的HIV感染的吸烟者过去一年里尝试戒烟的可能性更小（AOR = 0.68，95% CI = 0.51-0.91）。
结论：在艾滋病毒感染的退伍军人中，病人的兴趣和动机不是戒烟的主要障碍。最近诊断出肺部疾病的感染艾滋病毒的吸烟者可能会持续戒烟。不健康的饮酒似乎是一个关键的可改变的危险因素。对于感染艾滋病毒的患者，结合干预吸烟和饮酒，其戒烟率可能会提高。
（苏欣 审校）
Subst Abus. 2016 Apr-Jun;37(2):315-22. doi: 10.1080/08897077.2015.1062458. Epub 2015 Jul 13.
Contemplation of smoking cessation and quit attempts in human immunodeficiency virus-infected and uninfected veterans.
Shahrir S1, Tindle HA2, McGinnis KA3, Fiellin DA4, Goulet J3,4, Akgün KM3,4, Gibert CL5, Rodriguez-Barradas MC6, Crothers K1.
Author information
Abstract
BACKGROUND:As antiretroviral treatments prolong life in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, smoking cessation is now a top priority. However, studies of HIV-infected smokers have not been conducted with uninfected controls. In this study, researchers determined factors associated with contemplating smoking cessation and making a prior quit attempt among HIV-infected and uninfected smoking veterans.
METHODS:Between 2005 and 2007, 1,027 HIV-infected and 794 uninfected smokers were identified as part of the Veterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS). Stratifying by HIV status, adjusted odds ratios (AORs) were calculated using logistic regression to identify factors associated with contemplating smoking cessation and making a prior quit attempt.
RESULTS:Most participants (66 % of HIV-infected vs. 68 % of uninfected; P = .46) were contemplating cessation, and 56 % of both groups (P = .99) had attempted to quit in the last year. In stratified multivariable analyses, HIV-infected smokers with recent pulmonary disease diagnoses were more likely to have made a quit attempt (AOR = 4.93, 95 % confidence interval [CI] = 1.41-17.17). Both HIV-infected and uninfected patients with unhealthy alcohol use were less likely to be contemplating cessation (AOR = 0.66, 95 % CI = 0.49-0.90 and 0.71, 95 % CI = 0.50-1.00). HIV-infected smokers who reported unhealthy alcohol use were also less likely to have made a quit attempt in the last year (AOR = 0.68, 95 % CI = 0.51-0.91).
CONCLUSIONS:Patient-level interest and motivation are not major barriers to smoking cessation among HIV-infected veterans. Targeting HIV-infected smokers with a recent pulmonary disease diagnosis may improve sustained smoking cessation. Unhealthy alcohol use appears to be a key modifiable risk factor. Smoking cessation rates may be improved by combining interventions for smoking and alcohol use for HIV-infected patients.
KEYWORDS:HIV; Smokers; smoking cessation; veterans
Subst Abus. 2016 Apr-Jun;37(2):315-22. doi: 10.1080/08897077.2015.1062458. Epub 2015 Jul 13.
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