孕期母体摄入高脂高热量饮食会导致后代持续的代谢和呼吸异常
2016/05/26
摘要
背景：我们前期基于人口的研究表明儿童哮喘和早期异常的脂质和糖代谢具有显着的相关性。本研究的目标是确定产妇孕期营养是否会影响产后子女的代谢和呼吸系统。
方法：在妊娠第1天，从给母骡子喂养标准饲料转换为喂养高脂高热量饮食或对照饮食。终期实验是在骡子新生儿和断奶后代中进行，给它们喂养妊娠期和哺乳期研究的饮食，并对成年的后代保持和它们母亲相同的饮食。
结果：高脂高热量饮食（HFD）骡子生产的幼崽在发育阶段持续出现代谢异常。HFD产下的新生幼崽肺组织细胞因子表达分析显示强烈的促炎症模式。神经营养因子及受体基因的表达在HFD骡子断乳期的幼崽肺部是上调的，这与更高的呼吸系统阻力、更低的基线顺应性，以及与雾化吸入乙酰甲胆碱的高反应性相关。此外，HFD骡子产下的幼崽在感染呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）之后容易发生更严重的疾病。
结论：孕期母体营养是后代的气道炎症和气道高反应性一个关键因素，同时还增加了与孕前营养无关的毛细支气管炎的风险。
（苏欣 审校）
Pediatr Res. 2016 Mar;79(2):278-86. doi: 10.1038/pr.2015.226. Epub 2015 Nov 5.
Maternal high-fat hypercaloric diet during pregnancy results in persistent metabolic and respiratory abnormalities in offspring.
Griffiths PS1, Walton C1, Samsell L1, Perez MK2, Piedimonte G3.
Author information
Abstract
BACKGROUND:We have shown in a previous population-based study significant correlation between childhood asthma and early abnormalities of lipid and glucose metabolism. This study's specific aim was to determine whether maternal nutrition in pregnancy affects postnatal metabolic and respiratory outcomes in the offspring.
METHODS:On gestation day 1, dams were switched from standard chow to either high-fat hypercaloric diet or control diet. Terminal experiments were performed on newborn and weanling offspring of dams fed the study diet during gestation and lactation, and on adult offspring maintained on the same diet as their mother.
RESULTS:Pups born from high-fat hypercaloric diet (HFD) dams developed metabolic abnormalities persistent throughout development. Cytokine expression analysis of lung tissues from newborns born to HFD dams revealed a strong proinflammatory pattern. Gene expression of neurotrophic factors and receptors was upregulated in lungs of weanlings born to HFD dams, and this was associated to higher respiratory system resistance and lower compliance at baseline, as well as hyperreactivity to aerosolized methacholine. Furthermore, HFD dams delivered pups prone to develop more severe disease after respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection.
CONCLUSION:Maternal nutrition in pregnancy is a critical determinant of airway inflammation and hyperreactivity in offspring and also increases risk for bronchiolitis independent from prepregnancy nutrition.
Pediatr Res. 2016 Mar;79(2):278-86. doi: 10.1038/pr.2015.226. Epub 2015 Nov 5.
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固有淋巴细胞促成肥胖介导的过敏性气道疾病急性发作
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