哮喘联盟

   摘要
   背景：2013年，20%有孩子的美国家庭存在食物不安全。哮喘折磨着超过700万的儿童；患病率稳定增加并且发病高峰出现在小儿。哮喘和食物不安全共同的决定因素是与体重相关的贫困和种族差异，然而食物不安全与哮喘存在相关性的研究非常有限。
   目的：本研究的目的在于在不同的儿童样本中确定食物不安全与哮喘间的相关性。
   方法：对来自3年级早期儿童纵向研究和幼儿园队列的横断面数据进行分析 (N = 11,099)。基于USDA（美国农业部）模块的食品安全和哮喘诊断由父母进行上报；对人体测量学因素进行检测。采用多元逻辑回归模型对整体和人种/种族划分的食物安全和哮喘进行分析。
   结果：食品不安全家庭的儿童其哮喘发生的几率增加4%(95% 可信区间: 1.02, 1.06)。校正后哮喘几率也是增加的，男性为70% (95%可信区间: 1.69, 1.71)，非西班牙裔黑人（NHB）儿童为53%（95%可信区间: 1.51, 1.54），西班牙裔儿童为20%（95% 可信区间: 1.19, 1.21），超重儿童为38%（95%可信区间: 1.36, 1.39），肥胖儿童为67%（95% 可信区间: 1.65, 1.68），低出生体重儿童为23%(95% 可信区间：1.21, 1.24)，母亲有高中文凭的儿童为24% (95% 可信区间: 1.23, 1.26)，母亲接受过大学教育的儿童为33%（95% 可信区间：1.32-1.35）。高出生体重儿童(比值比: 0.84; 95% 可信区间: 0.83, 0.85)和母亲在国外出生(比值比: 0.52; 95%可信区间: 0.51, 0.53)的儿童哮喘几率较低。在非西班牙裔白人和西班牙裔人群中，食物不安全与哮喘仍然存在正相关，但是在NHBS为负相关。存在食物不安全和贫困的家庭中，所有儿童的哮喘几率都是加倍的(比值比: 2.00; 95% 可信区间: 1.97, 2.03)；这种相关性在人种/种族特异性模型中仍然呈正相关。
   结论：在美国三年级学生中，食品不安全与哮喘正相关，且家庭贫困增加这种相关性。
 

（苏欣 审校）
J Nutr. 2015 Oct 21. pii: jn215939. [Epub ahead of print]

 

Household Food Insecurity Is Associated with Childhood Asthma.
 

Mangini LD1, Hayward MD2, Dong YQ3, Forman MR3.
 

Abstract
BACKGROUND:In 2013, 20% of US households with children experienced food insecurity. Asthma afflicts over 7 million children; prevalence has steadily increased while incidence peaks in young children. Asthmaand food insecurity share the determinants of poverty and race that are associated with weight, yet limited research on the relation between food insecurity and asthma exists.
OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to determine the association between food insecurity and asthmain a diverse sample of children.
METHODS:Cross-sectional data from grade 3 of the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten Cohort were analyzed (n = 11,099). Food security based on the USDA module and asthma diagnosis were reported by parents; anthropometric factors were measured. Multivariate logistic regression models of food security andasthma were analyzed overall and by race/ethnicity.
RESULTS:Children in food-insecure households had a 4% higher adjusted odds of asthma (95% CI: 1.02, 1.06). Adjusted odds of asthma were also higher by 70% for males (95% CI: 1.69, 1.71), 53% for non-Hispanic black (NHB) children (95% CI: 1.51, 1.54), 20% for Hispanic children (95% CI: 1.19, 1.21), 38% for overweight children (95% CI: 1.36, 1.39), 67% for obese children (95% CI: 1.65, 1.68), 23% for low-birth weight children (95% CI: 1.21, 1.24), 24% if mothers had a high school diploma (95% CI: 1.23, 1.26), and 33% if mothers had some college education (95% CI: 1.32, 1.35). High-birth weight children (OR: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.83, 0.85) and those with foreign-born mothers (OR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.51, 0.53) had lower odds of asthma. Being food-insecure remained positively associated with asthma in non-Hispanic whites and Hispanics but was inversely associated with odds among NHBs. Odds of asthma doubled (OR: 2.00; 95% CI: 1.97, 2.03) for all children in households that were both food-insecure and poor; this relation remained positive in race/ethnicity-specific models.
CONCLUSIONS:Food insecurity is positively associated with asthma in US third graders, and household poverty strengthens the association.
 

J Nutr. 2015 Oct 21. pii: jn215939. [Epub ahead of print]