哮喘联盟

   摘要
   背景：很多慢性疾病包括哮喘，均呈现出健康状况的差异。非洲裔美国青年是哮喘预后不佳的高风险人群代表。预后不佳的原因是该人群数量较少和从青春期到成人期艰苦的转变。在这一人群中招募与留置受试者均具有挑战性，而且，传统的哮喘患者教育模式在该人群中是行不通的。
   目的：本研究的目的在于针对非洲裔美国青年建立电子哮喘自我管理计划，并评估其可行性。
   方法：哮喘自我管理计划共纳入了44例哮喘持续控制不佳的非洲裔美国成人（18-30岁）患者。哮喘自我管理计划即为期6周的“呼吸密歇根计划”（基于社会认知理论），专门依据非洲裔美国青年的关注和倾向制定。整个计划通过电子方式完成，无任何专业人士指导。计划完成后2周和3个月时对受试者进行随访。
   结果：共有89%的受试者完成了为期6周的干预。3个月时，有77%的受试者可纳入评估。完成为期2周计划后调查的所有受试者均认为该项计划是有益的，且97%的受试者会把该计划推荐给其他人。评价哮喘控制情况的哮喘控制测试（ACT）评分从16.1提高至19.3(P < 0.01)，评价哮喘患者生活质量的哮喘生活质量问卷(AQLQ)简略版评分从4.0升至5.1(P < 0.01)。
   结论：“呼吸密歇根计划”受试者的招募与留置是可行的，而且，已经证实它可以提高非洲裔美国青年患者的哮喘控制，进一步提高患者生活质量。
 

（杨冬 审校）
JAllergyClinImmunolPract. 2015Oct1.pii:S2213-2198(15)00440-7.doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2015.08.007. [Epub ahead of print]

An Electronic Asthma Self-Management Intervention for Young African American Adults.
 

Speck AL1, Hess M2, Baptist AP3.
 

Abstract
BACKGROUND:Health disparities are seen in many chronic conditions including asthma. Young African American adults represent a population at high risk for poor asthma outcomes due to both their minority status and the difficult transition from adolescence to adulthood. Recruitment and retention has been challenging in this demographic stratum, and traditional asthma education is often not feasible.
OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to develop and assess the feasibility of an electronic asthma self-management program for young African American adults.
METHODS:A total of 44 African American adults (age 18-30 years) with uncontrolled persistent asthma were enrolled in an asthma self-management program. The 6-week Breathe Michigan program (predicated on the social cognitive theory) was tailored specifically to the concerns and preferences of young African American adults. The entire program was completed electronically, without any specialized human support. At 2 weeks and 3 months after program completion, participants were contacted for follow-up.
RESULTS:A total of 89% of enrolled subjects completed the 6-week intervention, and 77% were available for evaluation at 3 months. All subjects completing the 2-week postprogram survey reported that the program was helpful, and 97% would recommend it to others. Asthma control as measured by the Asthma Control Test improved from 16.1 to 19.3 (P < .01), and asthma quality of life as measured by the Mini Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire improved from 4.0 to 5.1 (P < .01).
CONCLUSIONS:The Breathe Michigan program is feasible for recruitment and retention, and demonstrated an improvement in asthma control and quality of life for young African American adults.
 

JAllergyClinImmunolPract. 2015Oct1.pii:S2213-2198(15)00440-7.doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2015.08.007. [Epub ahead of print]