韩国学龄前及学龄儿童哮喘患病的性别差异
2015/12/03
摘要
本研究旨在通过使用2009-2011年间进行的韩国国家健康与营养调查(KNHANES)的具有代表性的全国数据，来探索学龄前及学龄儿童哮喘发病的危险因素。该研究评估了3,542名4-12岁儿童的人口统计学信息、健康状况、家庭环境、社会经济状况及父母健康状况。通过性别分层的多因素逻辑回归分析，结合初级抽样单位、分层、样本权重，得出校正的比值比(ORs)和95%可信区间(CI)。结果发现：以性别分层，4-12岁男童哮喘患病率为7.39%，女童为6.27%。与不伴特应性皮炎者相比，无论男童还是女童，伴特应性皮炎者更易罹患哮喘（男童：OR = 2.20，p = 0.0071；女童：OR = 2.33，p = 0.0031）。与父母无哮喘的儿童相比，无论男童还是女童，父母中≥1人患有哮喘者更易罹患哮喘（男童：OR = 3.90，p = 0.0006；女童：OR = 3.65，p = 0.0138）。女童随着年龄的增长，哮喘患病率下降(OR = 0.90, p = 0.0408)。与居住于城市的女童相比，居住于农村的女童哮喘患病率低60%(p = 0.0309)。与家庭成员≤3人的男童相比，家庭成员≥5人的男童更易罹患哮喘(OR = 2.45, p = 0.0323)。学龄前及学龄儿童，性别不同，影响哮喘发病的因素亦不同。因此，考虑到哮喘发病的性别差异这一点，临床上应建立个体化的哮喘管理方案。
（杨冬 审校）
PLoSOne. 2015Oct6;10(10):e0140057.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0140057.eCollection 2015.
Sex-Based Differences in Asthma among Preschool and School-Aged Children in Korea.
Jang Y1, Shin A2.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore risk factors related to asthma prevalence among preschool and school-aged children using a representative national dataset from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) conducted from 2009-2011. We evaluated the demographic information, health status, household environment, socioeconomic status, and parents' health status of 3,542 children aged 4-12 years. A sex-stratified multivariate logistic regression was used to obtain adjusted prevalence odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals after accounting for primary sample units, stratification, and sample weights. The sex-specific asthma prevalence in the 4- to 12-year-old children was 7.39% in boys and 6.27% in girls. Boys and girls with comorbid atopic dermatitis were more likely to have asthma than those without atopic dermatitis (boys: OR = 2.20, p = 0.0071; girls: OR = 2.33, p = 0.0031). Boys and girls with ≥1 asthmatic parent were more likely to have asthma than those without asthmatic parents (boys: OR = 3.90, p = 0.0006; girls: OR = 3.65, p = 0.0138). As girls got older, the prevalence of asthma decreased (OR = 0.90, p = 0.0408). Girls residing in rural areas were 60% less likely to have asthma than those residing in urban areas (p = 0.0309). Boys with ≥5 family members were more likely to have asthma than those with ≤3 family members (OR = 2.45, p = 0.0323). The factors related to asthma prevalence may differ depending on sex in preschool and school-aged children. By understanding the characteristics of sex-based differences in asthma, individualized asthma management plans may be established clinically.
PLoSOne. 2015Oct6;10(10):e0140057.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0140057.eCollection 2015.
