哮喘联盟

   摘要
   背景：大量的证据表明，烟草控制的大众媒体宣传活动可以改变吸烟行为。在英国，宣传活动在过去十年中吸烟率的下降方面作出了贡献，并与持续吸烟者中香烟消费下降相关。然而，在改变吸烟者的行为来保护他人免受家中吸烟的有害影响中，这种宣传活动是否还能起到作用不太明确。我们研究了英国的电视控制香烟特别是针对于二手烟的宣传活动的暴露，是否与具有无烟家庭的吸烟者有关。
   方法：我们使用了重复性横断面全国性调查的数据，这些数据源于参与了2004年到2010年之间英国健康调查的且家里至少有一个成人现时吸烟者的9872个家庭。通过广告暴露的人均测量的总收视点（GRPs）对所有政府资助的电视控制香烟宣传活动，特别是那些有关二手烟主题的暴露情况进行量化，100 GRPs表示 100％的成人暴露一次或50％的成人暴露两次。我们的结果是自我报告的无烟家庭（大部分时间没有人在家吸烟）的存在。使用广义相加模型分析，以控制个体因素和时间趋势。
   结果：每月的电视宣传活动和无烟家庭的存在几率无关联。然而，宣传活动特别是针对二手烟的宣传活动的暴露与接下来一个月的无烟家庭存在几率的增加相关（每增加100 GRPs优势比，1.07，95％CI 1.01~1.13），虽然这个关联不存在于其他滞后的时间。这些效果不因社会经济地位或家中孩子的存在而改变。
   结论：我们的研究结果初步表明，大众媒体宣传特别是侧重于二手烟的宣传可能有效减少家庭吸烟，而这种类型的宣传需要进一步评估。在英国，一般的烟草控制宣传，主要侧重于宣传戒烟，除了其减少吸烟的直接效应之外，并不影响无烟家庭。


 
 

（苏欣 审校）
BMC Public Health. 2015 Sep 8;15(1):869. doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-2207-2.


 

The effectiveness of tobacco control television advertisements in increasing the prevalence of smoke-free homes.
 

Lewis S1, Sims M2, Richardson S3, Langley T4, Szatkowski L5, McNeill A6, Gilmore AB7.
 

Abstract
BACKGROUND:There is considerable evidence that tobacco control mass media campaigns can change smoking behaviour. In the UK, campaigns over the last decade have contributed to declines in smoking prevalence and been associated with falls in cigarette consumption among continuing smokers. However, it is less evident whether such campaigns can also play a role in changing smokers' behaviour in relation to protecting others from the harmful effects of their smoking in the home. We investigated whether exposure to English televised tobacco control campaigns, and specifically campaigns targeting second hand smoking, is associated with smokers having a smoke-free home.
METHODS:We used repeated cross-sectional national survey data on 9872 households which participated in the Health Survey for England between 2004 and 2010, with at least one adult current smoker living in the household. Exposure to all government-funded televised tobacco control campaigns, and to those specifically with a second hand smoking theme, was quantified in Gross Rating Points (GRPs), an average per capita measure of advert exposure where 100 GRPs indicates 100 % of adults exposed once or 50 % twice. Our outcome was self-reported presence of a smoke-free home (where no one smokes in the home on most days). Analysis used generalised additive models, controlling for individual factors and temporal trends.
RESULTS:There was no association between monthly televised campaigns overall and the probability of having a smoke-free home. However, exposure to campaigns specifically targeting second hand smoke was associated with increased odds of a smoke-free home in the following month (odds ratio per additional 100 GRPs, 1.07, 95 % CI 1.01 to 1.13), though this association was not seen at other lags. These effects were not modified by socio-economic status or by presence of a child in the home.
CONCLUSIONS:Our findings provide tentative evidence that mass media campaigns specifically focussing on second hand smoke may be effective in reducing smoking in the home, and further evaluation of campaigns of this type is needed. General tobacco control campaigns in England, which largely focus on promoting smoking cessation, do not impact on smoke-free homes over and above their direct effect at reducing smoking.
 

BMC Public Health. 2015 Sep 8;15(1):869. doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-2207-2.