哮喘联盟

   摘要
   中国大陆儿童哮喘和变应性疾病的发生率日益增加。极少研究调查室内潮湿、通风和清洁习惯及其与儿童哮喘和过敏性疾病之间的相互关系。在中国乌鲁木齐的学龄前儿童中开展了一项大型横断面研究。采用问卷调查，收集儿童健康情况、家庭湿度、通风和清洁（V/C）习惯的信息。运用多元logistic回归分析儿童哮喘及变应性疾病与各家庭潮湿指标、潮湿程度、各个通风清洁习惯以及通风清洁总分之间的关系。在低V/C评分组和高V/C评分组中分别采用分层分析进一步分析潮湿与健康的关系。5650名儿童中共计有4641名（81.7%）返回了问卷。家庭潮湿报告中以窗户冷凝水（20.8%）最为常见，其次是被褥潮湿（18.0%）。最常见通风方式为在浴室使用排气扇（59.3%），其次为每日家庭清洁（48.3%），经常在晒被子（29.9%），在冬天经常开窗（8.4%）。6项家庭潮湿指标与儿童健康（尤其是持续12个月的症状）正相关。与参考潮湿程度（潮湿度0分）相比，低潮湿程度（1-2分）及高潮湿程度（3-6分）均显著增加儿童症状。V/C习惯与儿童健康粗略负相关，但经家庭潮湿程度矫正后并不显著。V/C高分组中家庭潮湿对于儿童健康的风险较低但与低分组相比并不具有统计学差异。家庭潮湿是中国乌鲁木齐学龄前儿童哮喘和变应性症状的潜在风险因素。未观察到普通家庭通风和清洁习惯在降低家庭潮湿对中国乌鲁木齐儿童哮喘和变应性疾病的风险中具有显著效果。
 

（杨冬 审校）
PLoSOne. 2015Jul31;10(7):e0134359.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0134359.eCollection 2015.


 

Home Dampness Signs in Association with Asthma and Allergic Diseases in 4618 Preschool Children in Urumqi, China-The Influence of Ventilation/Cleaning Habits.
 

Lin Z1, Zhao Z1, Xu H2, Zhang X3, Wang T4, Kan H1, Norback D5.
 

Abstract
There is an increasing prevalence of childhood asthma and allergic diseases in mainland of China. Few studies investigated the indoor dampness, ventilation and cleaning habits and their interrelationship with childhoodasthma and allergic diseases. A large-scale cross-sectional study was performed in preschool children in Urumqi, China. Questionnaire was used to collect information on children's health, home dampness and ventilation/cleaning (V/C) habits. Multiple logistic regressions were applied to analyze the associations between childhood asthma/allergic diseases and each sign of home dampness, dampness levels, each V/C habit and total V/C scores. The associations between dampness and health were further performed by strata analyses in two groups with low and high V/C scores. Totally 4618(81.7%) of 5650 children returned the questionnaire. Reports on home dampness were most common for water condensation on windows (20.8%) followed by damp beddings (18.0%). The most common ventilation measure was the use of exhaust fan in bathroom (59.3%), followed by daily home cleaning (48.3%), frequently putting beddings to sunshine (29.9%) and frequently opening windows in winter (8.4%). There were positive associations between the 6 signs of home dampness and children's health particularly the symptoms last 12 months. By comparing with the reference dampness level (dampness scored 0), both the low dampness (scored 1~2) level and the high dampness level (scored 3~6) showed significantly increasing associations with childhood symptoms. There were crude negative associations between V/C habits and childhood health but not significant adjusting for home dampness levels. The risks of home dampness on children's health were lower in the group with higher V/C score but the differences were not statistically significant. Home dampness is a potential risk factor for childhood asthma and allergic symptoms in preschool children in Urumqi, China. No significant effects were observed for ordinary home ventilation and cleaning habits in reducing the risks of home dampness on childhood asthma and allergic diseases in Urumqi, China.
 

PLoSOne. 2015Jul31;10(7):e0134359.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0134359.eCollection 2015.