哮喘联盟

   摘要
   鼻咽部（NP）是急性呼吸道感染（ARIs）相关性微生物大量积聚的地方。而婴幼儿期急性呼吸道感染相关性肺炎与哮喘的发生发展相关。本研究纳入了234例儿童，在其1岁之前进行鼻咽部微生物前瞻性检测， 分析病毒及细菌菌落，记录所有急性呼吸道感染。大部分婴幼儿的鼻咽部最先由葡萄球菌和棒状杆菌定植，随后由差异球菌属或莫拉氏菌属稳定定植。链球菌属、莫拉氏菌或嗜血杆菌的短暂入侵与病毒相关性急性呼吸道感染相关。本研究结果表明，鼻咽部菌群种类决定感染扩散至下呼道， 炎症性症状的严重程度，且与哮喘的发生风险相关。早期无症状性的链球菌定植可作为哮喘发生较强的预测指标，抗生素的使用可扰乱无症状性菌群定植的类型。在没有有效抗病毒治疗的情况下，针对鼻咽部致病性细菌的治疗可作为哮喘的预防措施。
 

（杨冬 审校）
CellHostMicrobe. 2015Apr8.pii:S1931-3128(15)00125-0.doi:10.1016/j.chom.2015.03.008. [Epub ahead of print]
 

The Infant Nasopharyngeal Microbiome Impacts Severity of Lower Respiratory Infection and Risk of Asthma Development.
 

Teo SM1, Mok D2, Pham K3, Kusel M2, Serralha M2, Troy N2, Holt BJ2, Hales BJ2, Walker ML4, Hollams E2, Bochkov YA5, Grindle K5, Johnston SL6, Gern JE5, Sly PD7, Holt PG8, Holt KE9, Inouye M10.

Author information
 

Abstract
The nasopharynx (NP) is a reservoir for microbes associated with acute respiratory infections (ARIs). Lung inflammation resulting from ARIs during infancy is linked to asthma development. We examined the NP microbiome during the critical first year of life in a prospective cohort of 234 children, capturing both the viral and bacterial communities and documenting all incidents of ARIs. Most infants were initially colonized with Staphylococcus or Corynebacterium before stable colonization with Alloiococcus or Moraxella. Transient incursions of Streptococcus, Moraxella, or Haemophilus marked virus-associated ARIs. Our data identify the NP microbiome as a determinant for infection spread to the lower airways, severity of accompanying inflammatory symptoms, and risk for future asthma development. Early asymptomatic colonization with Streptococcus was a strong asthma predictor, and antibiotic usage disrupted asymptomatic colonization patterns. In the absence of effective anti-viral therapies, targeting pathogenic bacteria within the NP microbiome could represent a prophylactic approach to asthma.
 

CellHostMicrobe. 2015Apr8.pii:S1931-3128(15)00125-0.doi:10.1016/j.chom.2015.03.008. [Epub ahead of print]