哮喘联盟

   摘要
   介绍：许多国家的无烟立法和修订标准规定减少二手烟（SHS）暴露，但许多儿童，特别是来自弱势家庭的儿童，在家中和汽车里受到高水平暴露。我们探索了弱势家庭中吸烟的母亲试图保护孩子免受二手烟暴露时面临的特殊挑战。
   方法：我们在苏格兰对22名有11～3岁孩子的弱势母亲进行了半结构化访谈，采用了创新的平面布置图方法来提示描述。访谈按主题进行分析。
   结果：弱势母亲指出，她们试图保护孩子免于SHS危害和成为烟民，动机是对未来健康的考虑和吸烟带来的经济负担。用于保护幼儿期儿童的众多策略受到许多因素的制约和/或促进，如有限的和多变的生活环境，单亲，儿童流动性和父母吸烟意识的增加，复杂的社会关系。在若干交叉维度的弱势背景下（失业，低收入，酒精/药物滥用和家庭暴力），当务之急是做一个好母亲或被认为是一个好母亲，这也是塑造家庭吸烟行为的关键。
   结论：对于弱势母亲来说，充满挑战性和变化的家庭生活环境和人际关系，以及儿童最初几年的流动性增加是创造无烟家庭的关键障碍。主要促进因素包括母亲对孩子吸烟意识增加的关住，和转移到有适宜的室外空间的住处。有针对性的公共健康计划必须认识到和支持弱势父母现有的积极性和保护孩子不受SHS危害及成为烟民的意图。
 

（苏欣 审校）
Nicotine Tob Res. 2015 Apr;17(4):496-501. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntu217.

 

Protecting children from smoke exposure in disadvantaged homes.
 

Rowa-Dewar N1, Lumsdaine C2, Amos A3.

Author information
 

ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION:Smokefree legislation and shifting norms in many countries have reduced secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure, but many children, particularly from disadvantaged homes, have high levels of exposure in homes and cars. We explored the particular challenges mothers who smoke face when attempting to protect their children from SHS exposure in disadvantaged homes.
METHODS:We conducted semi-structured interviews with 22 disadvantaged mothers of children aged 1-3 years in Scotland, using an innovative floor plan method to prompt accounts. Interviews were analyzed thematically.
RESULTS:Disadvantaged mothers reported attempting to protect their children from both SHS and becoming smokers, motivated by the perceived future health and financial burdens these entail. The variable strategies used to protect children during early childhood were constrained and/or facilitated by limited and changing living circumstances, single parenthood, increasing child mobility and awareness of parental smoking, and complex social relationships. In the context of several intersecting dimensions of disadvantage (unemployment, low income, alcohol/drug abuse, and domestic abuse), the imperative to be and to be seen to be a good mother was also key in shaping smoking practices in the home.
CONCLUSIONS:Challenging and changing domestic living circumstances and relationships and the increasing mobility of children in their first few years are key barriers to creating smokefree homes for disadvantaged mothers. Key facilitators include mothers' concerns about children's increasing awareness of smoking and moving to accommodation with accessible outdoor space. Targeted public health initiatives need to acknowledge and support disadvantaged parents' existing motivations and attempts to protect children from both SHS and becoming smokers.
 

Nicotine Tob Res. 2015 Apr;17(4):496-501. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntu217.