哮喘联盟

   摘要
   无家可归的成年人是吸烟率最高的群体之一。几乎没有研究探索无烟政策是否能潜在地促使无家可归的成年人戒烟或者减轻伤害。我们关注了加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥一处无家可归者庇护地的人群。该设施禁止在室内及室外5栋大楼之间吸烟，允许在一天4次的吸烟时间内于远离大楼的指定吸烟区吸烟。居住于此地的现时吸烟者及已戒烟者都接受了有关吸烟行为及对吸烟政策的态度的调查。在170例吸烟者中，75.3%为现时吸烟者。平均吸烟量每天6.6支（标准差4.3）。超过一半的受试者（57.8%）在过去一年中试图戒烟。在现时吸烟者中，3/4认为禁烟政策与他们减少吸烟量有关，大约一半的人认为尝试戒烟或准备彻底戒烟与政策有关。60%被调查者认为，现行政策之外，更加严格的禁烟政策会增加完全戒烟的兴趣。不到10%的被调查者表示由于政策的原因他们并不乐于呆在此地。
   结果显示：无烟政策可能并不会影响服务于高吸烟率人群的庇护地的入住率。在无家可归人士服务设置中，无烟政策是一个重要的、未被利用的减少无家可归者吸烟行为的机遇。

 

（刘国梁 审校）
J Community Health. 2015 Jan 6. [Epub ahead of print]

 

Interest in Smoking Cessation Related to a Smoke-Free Policy Among Homeless Adults.
 

Vijayaraghavan M1, Pierce JP.
 

Abstract
Homeless adults have among the highest rates of cigarette smoking. Few studies have explored the potential of smoke-free policies as facilitators of smoking cessation or harm reduction among sheltered homeless adults. We focused on clients of a homeless shelter in San Diego, California. The facility prohibited smoking indoors and outdoors within five blocks of the building, and permitted smoking during four smoking breaks during the day in designated smoking zones away from the building. Current and former smokers who were residents of the facility were interviewed on smoking behaviors and attitudes toward these policies. Of the 170 ever smokers, 75.3 % were current smokers. The average daily cigarette consumption was 6.6 cigarettes per day (SD 4.3). More than half of the participants (57.8 %) attempted to quit smoking in the past year. Of the current smokers, three-fourths agreed that the facility policies were associated with their reduced consumption, and about half agreed that the policies were associated with either making a quit attempt or getting ready to quit completely. Sixty percent agreed that further restrictions on smoking, beyond the current policies, would be associated with increased interest in quitting smoking completely. Less than 10 % agreed that they were unhappy to stay in the facility because of the policies. Findings suggest that smoke-free policies may not influence occupancy rates in shelters serving clientele with high rates of cigarette smoking. Smoke-free policies in homeless service settings present an important and un-tapped opportunity to reduce smoking behaviors among homeless adults.
 

J Community Health. 2015 Jan 6. [Epub ahead of print]