哮喘联盟

   摘要
   运动诱发性支气管收缩 (EIB)与体育活动的相关性尚无在自然学校环境下针对儿童群体开展的研究。我们旨在确定学生上体育课时由运动诱导的症状（咳嗽、气喘、胸闷、呼吸困难）以及支气管痉挛的患病率。研究纳入7所公立学校的总共557名学生，并获取了他们的人口统计学特征及先前哮喘诊断信息。所有的孩子都参加了45分钟运动强度相似的体育课。在体育课之前及体育课之后立即进行了肺功能测试。EIB的诊断定义为运动后每秒最大呼气量 (FEV1)相比基线水平降低10%或以上。运动后咳嗽和呼吸困难被记录。总共557名受试者被纳入研究分析。体育课后，15.3%的孩子发生咳嗽，0.9%发生呼吸困难，10.1% FEV1相比基线下降10%以上。所有受试者中，5.9%被医生诊断为哮喘，4.8%接受过吸入性糖皮质激素(ICS)治疗。在咳嗽的学生中，21.5%患有哮喘，17.6%发生过EIB。在哮喘患者中，48.6%有过咳嗽症状，18.2%在体育课后FEV1相比基线下降10%以上。EIB与年龄、性别、身体质量指数、哮喘诊断以及吸入性糖皮质激素的使用无关。仅咳嗽（比值比：2.21,95%置信区间：1.16-4.23； p = 0.0161）与EBI具有独立相关性。本研究揭示了在大量城市学生中，学校体育课时运动诱发性咳嗽和（或）FEV1降低10%的高发生率。我们的研究结果需要有关环境对运动诱发性症状的影响的其他研究。
 

（刘国梁 审校）
Allergy Asthma Proc. 2015 Jan;36(1):65-9. doi: 10.2500/aap.2015.36.3810.

 

Prevalence of exercise-induced cough in schoolchildren: A pilot study.
 

Cichalewski Ł1, Majak P, Jerzyńska J, Stelmach W, Kaczmarek A, Malewska K, Smejda K, Stelmach I.
 

Abstract
Association between exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) and physical activity has not been investigated in a natural school environment in a general pediatric population. Our objective was to determine the prevalence of exercise-induced symptoms (cough, wheeze, chest tightness, dyspnea) and bronchospasm among schoolchildren during physical education (PE). A total of 557 schoolchildren from seven public schools were enrolled. Information regarding demographic characteristic, previously diagnosed asthma was obtained. All children attended 45-minute PE lesson with similar exercise intensity. Pulmonary function tests were performed before and immediately after PE lesson. The diagnosis of EIB was defined as a forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) decrease from baseline of more than or equal to 10% with exercise. Cough and dyspnea after exercise were recorded. A total of 557 participants were included into the analysis. After PE lesson, 15.3% children suffered from cough, 0.9% reported dyspnea, and 10.1% had more than 10% fall in FEV1 from baseline. Among all participants, 5.9% had doctors' diagnosed asthma, 4.8% of them were treated with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). Among children with cough, 21.5% had asthma and 17.6% experienced EIB. Among asthmatics, 48.6% suffered from cough and 18.2% had more than 10% fall in FEV1 from baseline after PE lesson. EIB was not affected by age, gender, body mass index, asthma diagnosis, and ICS use. Only cough (odds ratio: 2.21, 95% confidence interval: 1.16-4.23; p = 0.0161) was independently associated with EIB. This study showed a high prevalence of exercise-induced cough and/or 10% fall in FEV1 during activity lesson in a natural school environment in a large urban population of schoolchildren. Our results call for another studies addressing the impact of environment on exercise-induced symptoms.
 

Allergy Asthma Proc. 2015 Jan;36(1):65-9. doi: 10.2500/aap.2015.36.3810.